Chitosan is widely valued for its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and versatile biological activities. It demonstrates natural antimicrobial properties that inhibit the growth of various bacteria and fungi. Due to its ability to form films and gels, it acts as an effective barrier and encapsulation material. It also binds dietary lipids, which can help reduce cholesterol absorption and support metabolic health. Furthermore, chitosan serves as a prebiotic to promote beneficial gut microbiota.

In the biomedical field, chitosan is used in wound dressings and healing agents due to its hemostatic and antibacterial effects. It is applied in water treatment processes to adsorb heavy metals and purify wastewater. The food industry incorporates chitosan as a natural preservative and as an encapsulant for bioactive ingredients in functional foods. It also finds use in cosmetics for its moisturizing and film-forming properties in skincare products. Additionally, chitosan is utilized in agriculture as a seed coating agent and biopesticide.